Journal: International Journal of Molecular Medicine

Article Title: Establishment of immortalized Schwann cells derived from rat embryo dorsal root ganglia

doi: 10.3892/ijmm.2012.1016

Figure Lengend Snippet: Immunostaining for p75, GFAP, S-100 antibodies. Staining was evident in the cell body and along the processes. hTERT-SCs in vitro demonstrated typical bipolar or tripolar morphology and were stained brightly. (A) p75, (B) GFAP, and (C) S-100 staining. (D) Cell nuclei were counterstained by DAPI. Bars, 50 μm.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used rabbit anti-S100β (Boster, Wuhan, China), mouse anti-p75 (Boster), mouse antiglial fibrillary acidic protein (anti-GFAP, Boster) all at 1:100 dilution.

Techniques: Immunostaining, Staining, In Vitro

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: p75 is internalized to a transferrin-positive endosome in a ligand-dependent manner. A, Visualization of the internalization of p75 (labeled with MC192-FITC; 3 μg/ml, green) in the presence of NGF (20 nm) and transferrin-Alexa-647 (red, 60 μg/ml) by confocal microscopy on PC12 cells. After incubation, cells were fixed and incubated with anti-mouse-RRX (1:250, blue) to label cell-surface p75.B, Binding of MC192 to PC12 cells at 4°C in the presence or absence of NGF (20 nm). C, Degree of colocalization of p75 and transferrin in the recycling endosome; 12–15 cells were analyzed for time point. D, Confocal three-dimensional reconstruction of serialz-planes of a PC12 cell incubated for 120 min at 37°C with MC192-FITC, NGF, and transferrin-Alexa-647. Different rotation angles are shown. Scale bar, 10 μm. E, Internalization kinetics of p75 labeled with MC192-FITC as shown in A(relative fluorescence, normalized to cell surface p75), and transferrin-Alexa-647 (arbitrary fluorescence units) in the presence of NGF (20 nm); 12–15 cells were analyzed for each time point. F, p75 internalization kinetics in differentiated PC12 treated with MC192-FITC (3 μg/ml) and 6 nm of the indicated neurotrophin. The plots show average ± SEM for 12–15 cells at each time point.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Labeling, Confocal Microscopy, Incubation, Binding Assay, Fluorescence

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Slow internalization and limited recycling of p75-bound NGF. A, Confocal microscopy of nnr5 cells treated for 120 min at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml) and transferrin-Alexa-594 (red, 60 μg/ml), in the presence of 6 nm NGF. Colocalized ligands appear in yellow. Scale bar, 10 μm. B, Top panels, PC12 and nnr5 cells incubated with 4 or 6 nm, respectively, of NGFb, at different internalization times before acid wash. NGFb was precipitated from cell homogenates on streptavidin magnetic beads and visualized on Western blot with avidin peroxidase. Bottom panel, Corresponding total p75 levels in cell lysates. C, Internalization kinetics of NGFb in PC12 versus nnr5 (average ± SEM; n = 3). D, Recycling of NGFb in PC12 and nnr5. The cells were incubated with 4–6 nm NGFb for 60 min at 4°C, followed by 2 hr at 37°C. Cells were then acid washed and incubated for 1 hr at 37°C with 100-fold excess of NGF. Approximately 15% of the NGFb was recovered in the incubation media in both cases. Approximately 90% of transferrin-HRP recycled under similar conditions in PC12 cells.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Incubation, Magnetic Beads, Western Blot, Avidin-Biotin Assay

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Distinct p75 and TrkA internalized vesicles in differentiated PC12 cells. A, Confocal microscopy of differentiated PC12 cells treated with MC192-FITC (3 μg/ml, green), the ligand-mimicking r-TrkA antibody (1:500), and BDNF (4 nm). Cells were incubated with primary antibodies for 60 min at 4°C, anti-rabbit-Cy5 (1:250, red) and BDNF (4 nm) for 30 min at 4°C, and for the indicated times at 37°C in the presence of BDNF (4 nm). B, Visualization of p75 and TrkA-positive vesicles in the growth cone of differentiated PC12 treated as in A (60 min internalization). Scale bar, 10 μm. Bottom panel, Confocal three-dimensional reconstruction of serial z-planes of the indicated region. The graph on the right shows fluorescence intensity levels along the line drawn through the three vesicles present in the boxed region of the growth cone. C, Quantification of the experiment shown inA. The presence of p75 or TrkA, or both, was quantified for individual vesicles by measuring the fluorescence intensity of each dye (FITC for p75 and Cy5 for TrkA), summing ∼15 vesicles per cell and 12–15 cells for each time point.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Incubation, Fluorescence

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Internalized p75 compared with early endosome markers in the initial phase of internalization. A, Differentiated PC12 cells were incubated 30 min at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml), NGF (6 nm), and 2 mg/ml HRP (a fluid phase marker) and then fixed and incubated with anti-HRP-RRX (1:100, red). Bottom panels, Magnification of the cell body and growth cone boxed in the top panel. Scale bar, 10 μm. Arrows indicate colocalization. B, Differentiated PC12 were incubated 60 min at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml) and NGF (6 nm) and then fixed and immunostained for EEA1 (an early endosome marker). Arrows indicate vesicles positive for EEA1 and p75 in the periphery of the cell. Bottom panel, Fluorescence intensity levels of the two vesicles indicated in B corroborate p75 and EEA1 colocalization in these vesicles.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Incubation, Marker, Fluorescence

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Internalized p75 compared with acidic organelle markers. A, Differentiated PC12 cells were incubated for 15 min at 37°C with 2 mg/ml HRP and then washed and incubated for 3 hr at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml) and NGF (6 nm). Cells were fixed and incubated with anti-HRP-RRX antibody (1:100, red). B, C, Differentiated PC12 cells were incubated for 3 hr at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml) and NGF (6 nm) and then fixed and incubated with anti-rab7 (B) or anti-cathepsin-D (C) and developed with anti-rabbit-RRX (1:500, red). D, Differentiated PC12 cells were incubated for 3 hr at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml) and NGF (6 nm), followed by 5 min at 37°C with lysotracker Red DND-99, washed, and fixed. Scale bar, 10 μm.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Incubation

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: p75 internalization involves clathrin-mediated endocytosis. A, Co-patching of p75 with clathrin. Control, PC12 cells were treated for 30 min with MC192-FITC (3 μg/ml, green) and NGF (4 nm) at 37°C, fixed, and immunostained for Clathrin HC (developed with anti-goat-Cy5, red). Patched, PC12 cells were treated for 15 min with MC192-FITC (3 μg/ml, green) and NGF (4 nm) at 37°C, followed by 30 min with rabbit-anti mouse (1:25) at 4°C and also incubated for 15 min at 37°C, fixed, and treated as in control. Arrows indicate co-patching of p75 and clathrin. Scale bar, 10 μm. B, Inhibition of clathrin-mediated endocytosis. PC12 cells were incubated with MC192-FITC (3 μg/ml, green) in the presence of NGF (6 nm) for 90 min at 37°C, and clathrin-dependent endocytosis was inhibited as described in Materials and Methods. After treatment, cells were fixed and incubated with an anti-mouse-RRX antibody to label p75 remaining on the cell surface (red). CCA, Control cytosol acidification; CA, cytosol acidification; KD, potassium depletion. The control for potassium depletion was similar to the CCA (data not shown). C, Quantification of the degree of internalization of p75, transferrin (Transf), or HRP under the different treatments.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Incubation, Inhibition

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: Cointernalization of p75 and NGF in common endocytic vesicles. A, Confocal microscopy on cell bodies of differentiated PC12 cells treated with MC192-FITC (3 μg/ml, green) and NGFb (20 nm) for 90 min at 4°C, washed and incubated for 30–45 min at 4°C with streptavidin-Alexa-647 (1:500, red), and then incubated for the indicated times at 37°C. Scale bar, 10 μm. B, Merged confocal images of differentiated PC12 cells treated as described in A and incubated for 60 min at 37°C. Scale bar, 10 μm. C, Confocal three-dimensional reconstruction of serial z-planes of a growth cone of differentiated PC12 cell treated as described inA. Different rotation angles are shown. Scale bar, 5 μm. D, Top panel, Confocal microscopy on differentiated PC12 cells treated for 60 min at 37°C with MC192-FITC (green, 3 μg/ml) and CTX-B-Alexa-594 (red, 5 μg/ml) in the presence of 6 nm NGF. Scale bar, 10 μm. Bottom panels, Confocal three-dimensional reconstruction of serial z-planes of the region of the growth cone boxed in the top panel. Different rotation angles are shown. Scale bar, 5 μm.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Confocal Microscopy, Incubation

Journal: The Journal of Neuroscience

Article Title: Ligand-Induced Internalization of the p75 Neurotrophin Receptor: A Slow Route to the Signaling Endosome

doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.23-08-03209.2003

Figure Lengend Snippet: NGF induces the association of p75 and its MAGE interactors in endosomes. PC12 cells were treated for 2 hr at 37°C with NGF (4 nm) and 15 min at 37°C with HRP (1 mg/ml) in the presence of NGF, or 1 hr at 37°C with transferrin-HRP (8 μg/ml). Cells were then homogenized in 320 mm sucrose, 20 mm HEPES, pH 7.4, buffer with a ball homogenizer. A postnuclear supernatant was prepared and centrifuged for 1 hr at 35,000 rpm in a TLS 55 rotor over a cushion of 1% Ficoll to obtain a P2 pellet. A, Plasma membrane contamination assessed by Western blot for the β1 subunit of Na+/K+-ATPase, 50 μg of protein per lane. B, P2 was resuspended in 1 ml of 320 mm sucrose, 20 mm HEPES, pH 7.4, and loaded in an 11 ml linear Ficoll gradient (1–16%). The gradient was centrifuged for 3 hr at 35,000 rpm in an SW41 rotor, and 1 ml fractions were manually collected from the top. HRP or transferrin-HRP was used to define the early/recycling compartment (gradient 1), and the three peak fractions indicated in black were pooled for a second fractionation. The second gradient was 9 ml of linear Ficoll (3–16%) and centrifuged for 3 hr at 35,000 rpm in an SW41 rotor. One milliliter fractions were manually collected from the top (gradient 2) and found to be free of detectable plasma membrane marker (data not shown). C, Western blots of gradient 2 fractions from cells treated with NGF for 2 hr. Aliquots (70 μl) were separated on 12% PAGE and probed for rab5, p75, NRAGE, or necdin. D, p75 levels in the peak endosomal pool of PC12 treated or not treated with NGF (equal protein loaded). E, Coimmunoprecipitation of MAGE interactors with p75 in endosomes. Fractions 5–10 of gradient 2 were pooled, diluted eightfold with 320 mm sucrose, 20 mm HEPES, pH 7.4, and centrifuged for 10–12 hr at 35,000 rpm in an SW41 rotor. The sedimented endosomes were additionally centrifuged for 1 hr at 55,000 rpm in a TLS 55 rotor and lysed with 20 mm Tris-HCl, pH 8.0, 150 mm NaCl, 0.1% Igepal, 10% glycerol, and protease inhibitors. p75 was immunoprecipitated with the MC192 antibody, and Western blots of precipitates were probed for NRAGE or necdin. Representative results from three (NRAGE) or two (necdin) experiments are shown.

Article Snippet: Mouse NGF and the MC192 anti-p75 antibody conjugated to FITC were from Alomone Labs (Jerusalem, Israel).

Techniques: Western Blot, Fractionation, Marker, Immunoprecipitation

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Fibroblasts Isolated from Human Middle Turbinate Mucosa Cause Neural Progenitor Cells to Differentiate into Glial Lineage Cells

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076926

Figure Lengend Snippet: Two different morphologies of OECs were found. Both types were both GFAP and p75 NTR positive labeled. One type (A–D) with filamentous GFAP labeling (B) and punctate p75 NTR labeling (C). Arrow head identifies one cell with single p75 NTR labeling. Cells labeled only with p75 NTR were not counted as OECs in this study. Another type (E, F) had intense p75 NTR labeling (red) and diffuse GFAP labeling (green). Scale bars: 50 µm.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: mouse anti-human Thy1.1 (1∶1200, Serotec), rabbit anti-human basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2, 1∶100, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mouse anti-human Nestin (1∶200, Chemicon), mouse anti-human chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG, 1∶100, Chemicon), mouse anti-human fibronectin (1∶100, Chemicon), rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, 1∶250, DAKO), mouse anti-human low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75 NTR , 1∶750, USBiological), and mouse anti-β Tubulin III (anti-Tubulin, 1∶75, Sigma).

Techniques: Labeling

Journal: PLoS ONE

Article Title: Fibroblasts Isolated from Human Middle Turbinate Mucosa Cause Neural Progenitor Cells to Differentiate into Glial Lineage Cells

doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0076926

Figure Lengend Snippet: The percentage of p75 NTR and GFAP positive cells in the total cells (A) from middle turbinates of 7 patients. Representative photographs of middle turbinate tissue: patient 1 (B) and patient 6 (C). In C, bone was separated from lamina propria. Note that the size of samples from two patients was similar, but the yields of OECs were very different.

Article Snippet: The following primary antibodies were used: mouse anti-human Thy1.1 (1∶1200, Serotec), rabbit anti-human basic fibroblast growth factor (FGF2, 1∶100, Santa Cruz Biotechnology), mouse anti-human Nestin (1∶200, Chemicon), mouse anti-human chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan (CSPG, 1∶100, Chemicon), mouse anti-human fibronectin (1∶100, Chemicon), rabbit anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP, 1∶250, DAKO), mouse anti-human low affinity neurotrophin receptor p75 (p75 NTR , 1∶750, USBiological), and mouse anti-β Tubulin III (anti-Tubulin, 1∶75, Sigma).

Techniques: